Environment
Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions Estimated to Fall by 8%
Published
4 years agoon
Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions Estimated to Fall by 8% in 2020—the Largest Recorded Drop in History
The COVID-19 pandemic speaks to the greatest stun to the worldwide economy in over seven decades, yet new research says that the outbreaks are probably going to bring about a record-breaking 8% yearly decrease in carbon discharges—the biggest decline ever.
A new report released this week by the International Energy Agency (IEA) provides an almost real-time view of the COVID-19 pandemic’s extraordinary impact across all major fuels. Based on an analysis of more than 100 days of real data so far this year, the IEA’s Global Energy Review includes estimates for how energy consumption and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions trends are likely to evolve over the rest of 2020.
“Only renewables are holding up during the previously unheard-of slump in electricity use,” said Dr. Fatih Birol, the IEA Executive Director. “It is still too early to determine the longer-term impacts, but the energy industry that emerges from this crisis will be significantly different from the one that came before.”
The Global Energy Review’s projections of energy demand and energy-related emissions for 2020 are based on assumptions that the lockdowns implemented around the world in response to the pandemic are progressively eased in most countries in the coming months, accompanied by a gradual economic recovery.
The report projects that energy demand will fall 6% in 2020—seven times the decline after the 2008 global financial crisis. In absolute terms, the decline is unprecedented—the equivalent of losing the entire energy demand of India, the world’s third largest energy consumer.
Advanced economies are expected to see the biggest declines, with demand set to fall by 9% in the United States and by 11% in the European Union. The impact of the crisis on energy demand is heavily dependent on the duration and stringency of measures to curb the spread of the virus. For instance, the IEA found that each month of worldwide lockdown at the levels seen in early April reduces annual global energy demand by about 1.5%.
Changes to electricity use during lockdowns have resulted in significant declines in overall electricity demand, with consumption levels and patterns on weekdays looking like those of a pre-crisis Sunday. Full lockdowns have pushed down electricity demand by 20% or more, with lesser impacts from partial lockdowns. Electricity demand is set to decline by 5% in 2020, the largest drop since the Great Depression in the 1930s.
At the same time, lockdown measures are driving a major shift towards low-carbon sources of electricity including wind, solar PV, hydropower and nuclear. After overtaking coal for the first time ever in 2019, low-carbon sources are set to extend their lead this year to reach 40% of global electricity generation—6 percentage points ahead of coal.
Electricity generation from wind and solar PV continues to increase in 2020, lifted by new projects that were completed in 2019 and early 2020. An additional report from energy research group BloombergNEF says that wind and solar power are now the cheapest sources of new energy development for two-thirds of the world’s population.
This trend is affecting demand for electricity from coal and natural gas, which are finding themselves increasingly squeezed between low overall power demand and increasing output from renewables. As a result, the combined share of gas and coal in the global power mix is set to drop by 3 percentage points in 2020 to a level not seen since 2001.
Coal is particularly hard hit, with global demand projected to fall by 8% in 2020, the largest decline since the Second World War. Following its 2018 peak, coal-fired power generation is set to fall by more than 10% this year.
After 10 years of uninterrupted growth, natural gas demand is on track to decline 5% in 2020. This would be the largest recorded year-on-year drop in consumption since natural gas demand developed at scale during the second half of the 20th century.
Renewables are set to be the only energy source that will grow in 2020, with their share of global electricity generation projected to jump thanks to their priority access to grids and low operating costs. Despite supply chain disruptions that have paused or delayed deployment in several key regions this year, solar PV and wind are on track to help lift renewable electricity generation by 5% in 2020, aided by higher output from hydropower.
“This crisis has underlined the deep reliance of modern societies on reliable electricity supplies for supporting healthcare systems, businesses and the basic amenities of daily life,” said Dr. Birol. “But nobody should take any of this for granted—greater investments and smarter policies are needed to keep electricity supplies secure.”
As a result of these trends—mainly the declines in coal and oil use—global energy-related CO2 emissions are set to fall by almost 8% in 2020, reaching their lowest level since 2010. This would be the largest decrease in emissions ever recorded—nearly six times larger than the previous record drop of 400 million tonnes in 2009 that resulted from the global financial crisis.
“Resulting from … economic trauma around the world, the historic decline in global emissions is absolutely nothing to cheer,” said Dr Birol. “But governments can learn from [the 2008 crisis] by putting clean energy technologies—renewables, efficiency, batteries, hydrogen and carbon capture—at the heart of their plans for economic recovery. Investing in those areas can create jobs, make economies more competitive and steer the world towards a more resilient and cleaner energy future.”
Reprinted from the International Energy Agency
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Climate change has a profound impact on everyday life, touching various aspects of our routines and experiences.Climate change has a wide range of impacts that can be observed in everyday life. Here are some examples:
- Extreme weather events: Increased frequency and intensity of extreme weather events such as hurricanes, droughts, heatwaves, and heavy rainfall are linked to climate change. People may experience more severe storms, prolonged periods of heat, or increased instances of flooding.
- Rising temperatures: Climate change is causing global temperatures to rise. This can lead to heatwaves, making it uncomfortable and potentially dangerous to be outdoors for extended periods. It can also impact agriculture, water resources, and ecosystems.
- Changing seasons: Climate change can alter the timing and duration of seasons. For example, spring may arrive earlier, affecting the growth and blooming patterns of plants and the timing of animal migrations.
- Sea level rise: Due to melting glaciers and thermal expansion of seawater, sea levels are rising globally. This can lead to coastal erosion, flooding, and saltwater intrusion into freshwater resources, impacting communities in coastal areas.
- Changes in precipitation patterns: Climate change affects rainfall patterns, leading to more intense rainfall in some areas and droughts in others. This can have consequences for agriculture, water availability, and the risk of wildfires.
- Shifting ecosystems: Climate change can disrupt ecosystems as species struggle to adapt to changing conditions. This can result in changes in the distribution of plant and animal species, affecting biodiversity and ecosystem services.
- Health impacts: Climate change can affect human health directly and indirectly. Increased heatwaves can cause heat-related illnesses, while changing disease patterns may expose populations to new or expanded health risks, such as the spread of vector-borne diseases.
- Food production and availability: Climate change can impact agricultural productivity due to changes in temperature, rainfall, and growing seasons. This can lead to reduced crop yields, affecting food availability and prices.
- Energy consumption: Changes in climate can influence energy demand and consumption patterns. For example, increased use of air conditioning during heatwaves or additional energy required for heating in colder regions can impact energy usage and greenhouse gas emissions.
- Migration and displacement: Climate change can contribute to population displacement as people are forced to leave their homes due to rising sea levels, droughts, or other environmental changes.
- Changes in water availability: Climate change can affect water resources, leading to water scarcity or reduced water quality. This can impact drinking water supplies, agriculture, and industrial processes.
- Increased air pollution: Climate change can worsen air quality as higher temperatures and changing weather patterns can increase the formation of ground-level ozone and particulate matter, which can harm human health.
- Disrupted transportation: Extreme weather events, such as storms or heavy rainfall, can disrupt transportation systems, causing delays, road closures, and damage to infrastructure. This can impact daily commutes and travel plans.
- Increased allergies and respiratory issues: Climate change can affect the timing and distribution of pollen-producing plants, leading to longer and more intense allergy seasons. Additionally, worsening air quality can exacerbate respiratory conditions.
- Impact on recreational activities: Climate change can affect recreational activities such as skiing, snowboarding, and ice skating as warmer temperatures and reduced snowfall can shorten winter seasons and limit snow availability.
- Changes in fishing and seafood industries: Climate change can impact marine ecosystems, affecting fish populations and the livelihoods of fishermen. This can result in changes in the availability and cost of seafood.
- Loss of natural landmarks and ecosystems: Rising sea levels and coastal erosion can lead to the loss of iconic natural landmarks and habitats, impacting tourism and the beauty of local environments.
- Increased insurance costs: As extreme weather events become more frequent and severe, insurance companies may raise premiums for property insurance, affecting homeowners and businesses.
- Changes in gardening and agriculture: Climate change can affect gardening practices and agricultural techniques as farmers and gardeners need to adapt to shifting weather patterns, changing growing seasons, and new pests or diseases.
- Psychological and emotional impacts: Climate change can have psychological effects on individuals, such as eco-anxiety, grief for the loss of natural environments, and concerns about the future. These emotional impacts can affect overall well-being and mental health.
Climate change is a global challenge that requires collective efforts from governments, organizations, and individuals. By understanding the tangible effects of climate change in our daily lives, we can empower ourselves to make informed choices and contribute to creating a sustainable and thriving planet for future generations. Let’s take action today to safeguard our environment and create a better tomorrow.
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Environment
The Urgency of Environmental Sustainability: Consequences of Failure
Published
1 year agoon
June 12, 2023In today’s rapidly changing world, environmental sustainability has become a pressing concern. Failing to prioritize and maintain sustainable practices can lead to severe repercussions for our planet and all its inhabitants. In this blog post, we will explore the potential consequences of neglecting environmental sustainability and shed light on why it is crucial to act now to secure a sustainable future.
- Climate Change: A Ticking Time Bomb Climate change stands as one of the most critical challenges we face. Failure to address sustainability issues contributes to the rise in greenhouse gas emissions, resulting in adverse effects such as soaring global temperatures, erratic weather patterns, and an increase in natural disasters. The consequences of climate change are far-reaching, impacting ecosystems, economies, and human lives.
- Loss of Biodiversity: A Threat to Ecosystems Environmental sustainability is closely intertwined with the conservation of biodiversity. Ignoring sustainable practices threatens the delicate balance of ecosystems, leading to the extinction of plant and animal species. This loss of biodiversity disrupts ecosystem services vital for our survival, including pollination, nutrient cycling, and natural pest control. The consequences can be dire, affecting food security and overall human well-being.
- Resource Depletion: A Race Against Time Unsustainable practices such as overexploitation of natural resources jeopardize their regeneration capacity. Forests, fisheries, and freshwater sources are being depleted faster than they can recover. This scarcity creates a domino effect, triggering increased competition, conflicts, and economic instability. Conserving our resources is crucial for sustainable development and the preservation of future generations.
- Pollution and Health Impacts: A Silent Threat Neglecting environmental sustainability results in pollution of our air, water, and soil. Rising pollution levels have a direct impact on human health, causing respiratory issues and other ailments. Wildlife and ecosystems suffer as well. Contaminated water sources, for instance, can lead to waterborne diseases and hinder agricultural productivity. A healthy environment is the foundation for a healthy society.
- Economic Consequences: Counting the Cost Failure to achieve environmental sustainability carries economic consequences. The costs associated with environmental damage, such as cleaning up polluted areas and healthcare expenses, can be substantial. Moreover, the depletion of natural resources hampers economic growth, disrupts supply chains, and affects industries reliant on ecosystem services. Prioritizing sustainability is an investment in our long-term economic stability.
- Social Inequities: Navigating Environmental Justice Environmental degradation disproportionately impacts vulnerable communities, deepening social inequalities. Poor waste management practices, for example, burden marginalized communities, leading to environmental injustice. Climate change-induced events like sea-level rise result in forced displacement and create climate refugees, further magnifying existing social challenges. A sustainable future requires equity and justice for all.
Conclusion: The consequences of failing to maintain environmental sustainability are multifaceted and far-reaching. Climate change, loss of biodiversity, resource depletion, pollution, economic repercussions, and social inequities all stem from neglecting sustainable practices. It is essential to prioritize environmental sustainability to safeguard our planet and ensure a better future for generations to come. Embracing sustainable solutions and taking collective action is the key to mitigating these risks and building a resilient and thriving world. Let us act now for a sustainable and prosperous tomorrow.
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Every single search, every streamed video and every email sent, billions of times over all around the world, it’s all part of our daily life by now. But it all adds up to an ever-increasing global demand for electricity, and a large digital carbon footprint too. What can we do to reduce the impact our energy-hungry online lives are having on the planet?
Everything we do on the internet, whether its with a smartphone, computer or tablet, needs electricity. And depending on where you live, that electricity probably comes from a mix of different sources, but probably mostly fossil fuels – coal, oil and natural gas – which produce carbon dioxide when burned and contributes to global warming. And then of course, there is the electricity needed to make the gadgets you were using in the first place. In 2018, digital communications even overtook the aviation industry in terms of CO2 emissions. And as more and more people get online each day, the production and use of electronic devices and digital services is growing exponentially.
In our long read Knowledge article Our Digital Carbon Footprint, we took a closer look at the facts and figures behind our digital habits to see where the challenges lie and what needs to be done by politicians and business leaders to try and minimize the impact of our digital society. Responsibility for the problem is far from being solely on the end consumer. But until governments and international institutions agree to recognize the issue and do something about it, there’s actually a whole range of things that we as individuals can do.
While it may be too late to get everyone to give up their video streaming habits, there are a whole range of different things you can do to reduce your own personal digital carbon emissions.
8 Ways to Shrink Your Digital Carbon Footprint
- Consume more consciously
A decision about what we want to buy is always also a decision about the world we want to live in. Was the product made under ethical conditions? Were the workers fairly paid and treated? What is the environmental impact of its production? And when it comes to the digital world, it’s no different. When it comes to buying “ethical electronics” the options are fairly limited, but when it comes to smartphones the market seems to be growing. Fairphone and Shiftphone are just two manufacturers who claim to ensure humane working conditions and offer durable (and/or repairable products) free from conflict minerals.
- Avoid creating electronic waste
We replace our smart devices with the next generation before they’ve even stopped working and we’d rather throw away our broken gadgets and buy a new one than try and repair them. If you really need a new phone or computer, how about buying second hand from somewhere like Rebuy? If your old one is faulty rather than completely done for, check out the repair guides on Fixit to see if it can be salvaged. Or if it’s something you know you won’t use all that often (a fancy camera or GoPro, for example), how about saving some money and borrowing it instead for a small fee?
- Correctly dispose of your old gadgets
All too often old electronic gadgets are simply mixed in with normal household waste, meaning all of the recyclable materials in it went to waste and potentially hazardous waste from entering landfill and causing soil and water contamination. Or alternatively, they end up gathering dust in a drawer. If you have electronics that have come to the end of their life, inform yourself about the best way to correctly dispose of them. Most large cities in Europe will have a recycling or pick-up service, so search around online for the correct method before ditching your devices.
- Cut back on streaming – or try out alternatives
A huge amount of all of the traffic on the internet is consumed by one thing: streaming moving images. Netflix alone consumes a staggering 15% of the world’s internet traffic. And music streaming has a pretty gigantic data appetite too. If cutting back completely on online video is a complete no-go, then how about downloading the movies, shows and playlists that you know you’ll be watching again and again, instead of streaming them each time? And, do you really have to watch that movie in 4K on your tiny smartphone screen? Reducing the resolution of the videos you watch also massively reduces the data used to stream it and therefore also the amount of energy used.
- Find alternatives to cloud computing
Do you really need to backup 25 practically identical photos by uploading them to the cloud? Every photo, video and file you save is stored there over and over again for security reasons – and that consumes energy each time. According to a Greenpeace study, globally cloud computing consumes more electricity than all of Germany put together. The alternative? Regularly cleaning up in the cloud and deleting useless files saves energy. And: USB sticks or external hard drives are a good storage alternative – and they protect your private data from unauthorised access by others too.
- Think before you search!
Enter a search query and in fractions of a second you get an almost endless list of hits. It’s fast – but it also eats up a lot of power. According to Google’s own figures, its data centres consumed around 5.7 terawatt hours in 2015. At that time, the annual energy consumption was roughly as high as that of the city of San Francisco – and with more and more people getting online each day, today it is probably even higher. So, take a second to think before punching something into the search bar. Make your search as exact as possible to avoid multiple searches, and avoid searching for a website and then clicking on a link when you could just put the website name in directly and avoid the extra step. Alternative search engines such as Ecosia (who plant trees) and Gexsi (who support social innovators) also offer a good alternative.
- Install an ad-blocker
Advertising on the internet is usually technically pretty complex (flash animations, pop-ups, videos…), making them very data-hungry too. Ad-blockers stop adverts from appearing while you’re on the internet, which makes the pages load faster and uses fewer resources too. And yet another advantage: ad-blockers help improve data security too, by stopping advertising companies and other third parties from automatically collecting information about you. There are lots of free ad-blockers available to download online and some web browsers even have them pre-installed.
- Clean out your email inbox
Every mail that lands or is stored in your inbox requires computing power – and yes, you guessed it, electricity. You can do the same with your online inbox as you can with your analogue one: cut down on junk/spam mail, unsubscribe from newsletters you never read, and regularly clean old messages out of your inbox. You can find more tips in our article: Save the planet, clean your inbox!
Already do all this and want to take it one step further? Then you’re ready for the next level!
Give your digital life a complete green overhaul
© Brett Jordan/ Unsplash-license
If your electricity at home comes from a green energy provider, then that’s of course a great way to reduce your own personal ecological footprint. But as individual consumers our own energy use at home is only ever going to have a fraction of the impact that energy-hungry data centres will have. So you can directly magnify your positive impact by supporting digital service providers that also place importance on green energy and ethical standards – like your email provider, search engine and web hosting service. Here are just a few ideas:
- Use Alternative Email Providers
Every mail that you send, receive or save contains not only text and images, but also bits and bytes. Most established providers use the electricity mix of whatever country they are based in – usually including energy from coal-burning power stations. It’s better for the planet for you to send all of your emails using 100% renewable energy, and these days there are more than enough providers offering exactly that. And there’s an extra bonus too: alternative providers generally protect your data and your privacy better than the industry’s big-hitters. All of these providers are completely ad-free, meaning you have to pay a small fee to use them. But that also means you also never have to see annoying product personalisation ads ever again, hooray!
- The email provider Posteo gets its electricity from Greenpeace Energy, banking transactions are handled by green German banks such as GLS Bank and Umweltbank. A mail address at Posteo costs one euro per month. In return you get 2GB of ad-free mail storage and extras like a calendar and address book. Data can be secured by two-factor authentication or the entire mailbox can be encrypted.
- With Mailbox.org, for one euro per month you will also get an ad-free email box with a size of 2 GB. Besides mailbox, address book and calendar, Mailbox offers a text and spreadsheet programme. Two-way authentication and one-time passwords are supported. They get their electricity from the green electricity provider Lichtblick and their account is held at the ethically-minded Social Bank.
- Tutanota is another provider based in Germany, offering a free and open-source end-to-end encrypted email service, driven 100% by free energy. For 12 euro a year you get 1GB of space and a free calendar thrown in too, or you can upgrade and pay more for more storage and services.
- Norwegian-based Runbox prides itself on being the world’s leading “hydopowered email service” – thanks to the country’s natural water sources, the email servers are run on 100% renewable energy. Your emails are encrypted and protected by Norway’s strict privacy legislation. Their basic account costs 15 euro a year and gives you 1GB of email storage and 100MB of file storage too.
- Find sustainable phone providers
When it comes to looking to make your mobile phone use more sustainable, unfortunately in Europe the options seem to be few and far between. Ensuring you use a secondhand phone (or one that’s ethically-made like a Fairphone or Shiftphone) using it for the full extent of its useful life and then recycling your old handset are ways to ensure the physical phone itself has as small an impact on the planet as possible. But what about the impact of all of the data packages you’re using and the calls and texts you’re making? There are just a few companies on the scene so far, with hopefully more to appear in other countries in Europe.
- In Germany, WETell aims to shake up the mobile communications market as the country’s first sustainable provider, run on 100% renewable energy. Their range of mobile phone tariffs prioritise climate protection, data protection, fairness and transparency. This year we interviewed one of the founders.
- Austria-based Goood is a mobile operator with lets you do good each time you make calls and go online: 10 percent of your monthly base fee goes to a good cause of your choice. In addition, Goood invests 25 percent of its profits into social projects. In Austria, the provider has a certified CO2-neutral network.
- Green Website Hosting
Once you’ve got your email and phone sorted, what about your website? It’s been suggested that today, based on the energy consumption of the average data centre, a website with 10,000 page views a month could emit up to as much CO2 as driving a car over 5000 miles. Switching to a green web hosting provider, one that uses renewable energy and focuses on improving and optimising energy-efficiency, could make a huge difference.
We also use a green service provider to host RESET.org. Hetzner Online uses electricity from renewable sources to power the servers in their own data centre parks.
Not sure if you need to make your website more sustainable? You can check the carbon impact of your site using the online Website Carbon Calculator – as well as find tips there on how to improve it.
We could try to list the different green hosting providers here, but The Green Web Foundation has a hugely comprehensive list right here of all of the different green hosting companies in each country around the world. You’re sure to be find one there that suits you and your budget.
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